<no title> — flashrom v1.7.0 documentation

flashrom is a utility for identifying, reading, writing, verifying and erasing flash chips. It is designed to flash BIOS/EFI/coreboot/firmware/optionROM images on mainboards, network/graphics/storage controller cards, and various other programmer devices.

- Supports more than 627 flash chips, 407 chipsets, 539 mainboards, 94 PCI devices, 30 USB devices and various parallel/serial port-based programmers. For more information, see the pages under Supported hardware.

- Supports parallel, LPC, FWH and SPI flash interfaces and various chip packages (DIP32, PLCC32, DIP8, SO8/SOIC8, TSOP32, TSOP40, TSOP48, BGA and more), see Overview.

- No physical access needed, root access is sufficient (not needed for some programmers).

- No bootable floppy disk, bootable CD-ROM or other media needed.

- No keyboard or monitor needed. Simply reflash remotely via SSH.

- No instant reboot needed. Reflash your chip in a running system, verify it, be happy. The new firmware will be present next time you boot.

- Crossflashing and hotflashing is possible as long as the flash chips are electrically and logically compatible (same protocol). Great for recovery.

- Scriptability. Reflash a whole pool of identical machines at the same time from the command line. It is recommended to check flashrom output and error codes.

- Speed. flashrom is often much faster than most vendor flash tools.

- Portability. Supports DOS, Linux, FreeBSD (including Debian/kFreeBSD), NetBSD, OpenBSD, DragonFlyBSD, anything Solaris-like, Mac OS X, and other Unix-like OSes as well as GNU Hurd. Partial Windows support is available (no internal programmer support at the moment, hence no "BIOS flashing").

Emergency help

IMPORTANT: If something went wrong during flashing, do NOT turn off/reboot your computer. Instead, let us help you recover. We can be contacted via IRC (#flashrom on libera.chat, webchat), Discord, or email. Please allow some time until someone responds, we're all volunteers.